Lock and latch.



No. 887,053. PATENTED MAY-12, 1908. F. S. ALIANO.

LOCK AND LATCH.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 31. 1906.

lnvenitor:

/44 Attys,

UNTTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK S. ALIANO, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

LOCK AND LATCH.

Application filed August 31, 1906.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK S. ALIANO, a citizen of the United States, residing at the borough of Brookl n, in the city of New York,.county of ings, and State of New York, have invented certain new and 'useful Improvements in Locks and Latches, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings, which form a part thereof.

My invention relates to looks and latches and more particularly to a type of combined hicks and latches which operate automatical The main object of the invention is to provide a combined lock and latch wherein the bolt will be normally dead when the lock is latched and cannot be drawn except through the use of a key or other means provided for this purpose, thus preventing the forcing of thellock through means applied to the bolt itse f.

A further object is to provide such a lock wherein the dead lock mechanism, when the bolt is shot otherwise than in the bolt socket, will be capable of being automatically actuated through the movement of the bolt, to permit the latter to slide freely when it enters the socket, and to prevent movement thereof subsequently to the latching of the lock, ex cept by a key or knob. I

A still further object is to provide such a lock wherein a member independent of the bolt and not susceptible of movement thereby, will be interposed between the releasing mechanism and the bolt and between the bolt and the dead latch mechanism, thus making the operation of said last mentioned mechanism entirely independent of the bolt.

A still further object is to provide a lock of this character wherein any efforts to force the bolt will be transmitted directly to the lock casing, thus avoiding the use of studs, projections or other parts holding and absorbing the strains placed upon, the dead latch mechanism, and giving strength to the mechanism.

A still further object is to provide such a lock which will be entirely automatic in all its operations except when released through a knob or key. And a still further object is to provide a combined lock and latch which will operate positively, which will not be liable to disarrangement of parts and which will be simple in design and inexpensive to produce.

The invention consists primarily in an au- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 12, 1908.

Serial No. 332,783.

tomatic combined lock and latch comprising a casing, a spring pressed bolt therein, shoulders on said bolt whereby it may be drawn within said casing, key or knob actuating means for said bolt, a detent adapted when said lock is latched to engage said bolt and prevent movement thereof, means interposed between said shoulders and said last mentioned means and adapted to release said detent, a reciprocating member adapted to be projected from said casing with the bolt when said bolt is disengaged from the socket, and to engage the edge of said socket and beforoed within said casing when the bolt enters said socket, means actuated by said member whereby when said member is projected, said detent will be rendered inoperative and when it engages said socket, said detent will be set, and a bolt socket and in such other novel features of construction and combination of parts as are hereinafter set forth and described and more particularly pointed out in the claims hereto appended.

Referring to the drawings: Figure 1 is a plan view of a combined lock and latch embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the sliding plate through which the bolt and the detent are actuated and of a part of the bolt and bolt releasing mechanism cooperating therewith; Fig.3 is a section of the 10 ck shown in Fig. 1 showing the 10 ck mech anism in elevation; Fig. 4 is an enlarged cross section of the bolt and of the tongue actuating the latch plate when the bolt is being latched, and Fig. 5 is an enlarged plan view of said tongue.

Like letters refer to like parts throughout the several views.

In the embodiment of my invention shown in the drawings, I have shown an ordinary lock casing at a and a socket plate at 6. Closing said casing is acover c. The casing a has an ordinary bolt opening therein at a and a smaller opening at a communicating therewith. A sliding bolt d is mounted in said casing, the beveled end (1 thereof being normally projected through said opening by the springs d acting on the shank of said bolt against a plate (1" held in place by angular brackets d carried by said casing. This plate d acts both as an opposed bearing for is provided with an upwardly extended shoulder d by means of which the bolt is actuated. The construction and arrangement of this bolt mechanism is well known and now in extensive use and no claim of invention is made as to such. To prevent movement of said bolt independently of the releasing mechanism when the lock is latched, .1 provide means normally positioned in the path of the shoulders (1 preferably comprising a detent e pivotally mounted in the casing a with the rear edge thereof in close juxta osition to the wall of said casing and the firward edge thereof positioned slightly away from the rear of the said shoulders d The forward edge of said plate is normally pressed downwardly by a torsion spring 6 mounted on the pivot pin e of said plate, the ends of said spring acting respectively on the casing a and on the plate e. Bearings for said pin are formed by turning downwardly portions of the plate as e on opposite sides thereof and radially of said pin. The plate may be cut away as desired to provide proper clearance for the cylinder lock and releasing mechanism actuating same, it being only essential to have the portion thereof directly behind the shoulders (I and behind the releasing means for said plate, projected forwardly as described.

Mounted adjacent to the shoulder (i is the lock releasing means f which is of ordinary I construction and adapted to be actuated by a knob f and by the tongue of the cylinder lock f This releasing mechanism embodies therein a roll-back, as g, adapted to retract the bolt when moved in either direction. I

Seated on the bottom of the casing is a sliding plate 7t having upwardly projected angular studs h thereon interposed between the roll-back g and the shoulders (Z of the bolt, the sides of-which studs respectively are so shaped as to engage the said shoulders, and beveled so as to pass beneath and actuate the detent, as at h". The top of said studs presents suflicient bearing surface to afford a suitable rest for said plate when it is raised, and the pitch of the bevel and length of this bearing surface are so proportioned relative to the distance between the shoulders d and the forward edge of the plate 6 that there will be sufficient movement of said sliding plate and its appurtenances with that of the bolt (1 to raise said dead latch plate before the shoulders (1 contact with said detent e. The plate It slides on the bottom of the casing a and if required, a way at a through said casing is provided, to permit the required amount of movement of the plate. The casing or plate, however, may be so formed and arranged as to avoid said plate projecting through said casing when it is operated. I use a sliding plate as de scribed to give strength and rigidity to the plate and to insure its being properly positioned and not susceptible of disarrangement. The bottom of the casing also forms a way for said plate, preventing looseness or lateral movement thereof, and the way a prevents the plate leaving said bottom.

The above described construction normally locks the bolt and permits it to be 0 erated by a key or knob, but means must e'provided actuated by the bolt itself, to release said detent when the bolt is latched in closing a door. This means comprises a sliding plate 7c having a tongue 7c passed through the way 0. and mounted in and rojecting considerably beyond, a channel in the bolt (1, as shown in Fig. 4. The plate 7r has laterally projected arms 763 within the casing a, which serve to steady said tongue, and to support the cam plate Z, through which the detent is actuated by said tongue. A shoulder on said plate carries a rod or pin k passing through the post a by means of which the closure plate 0 is secured in place, a spring Zr being interposed between said shoulder and said post normally causingsaid tongue to act in synchronism with the bolt d. Either or both arms 7: have an upwardly extended projection, as m at the end thereof adjacent to the casing a, to which is riveted or otherwise connected or'attached, the cam plate Z, the end of which is cut away as'shown on the upper surface to form the inclined contact face Z projecting into close proximity to the detent e, and extending thereunder.

Directly above the contact Z, the detent e is so formed as to provide a clearance for the projecting end of said contact, and an abutment, dropped below the level of said detent and into the path of said contact, whereby as said arm is reci rocated, the incline thereof will raise sai detent through said abutment, or by passing to the clearance space behind said abutment, permit said detent to be positioned so as to prevent movement of the bolt. Preferably I provide such clearance and such abutment by forming up to an arch n with a straight end n, an integral strip of said detent e. I

The socket plate Z) is of ordinary construc tion.

The operation of the herein described look and latch combined, is substantially as follows When a door is open, the springs d and Zr project the bolt (1 and tongue Zr through the openings (1 and a respectively, the latter projecting from the channel k in the former sufliciently to provide an extended contact face of such width as to compensate for inaccuracies in setting the door, or the lock casing or the socket plate, or the settling of the door in its casement. The amount of projection of the said bolt and the said tongue is limited by engagement ofthe shoulders d with the studs h the latter being in engagement with the rockin levers of the" releasing mechanism. When being so pr0- jected, the tongue k and the projection m thereon draw the cam plate Z forwardly, the inclined cam face thereof through engagement with the end or abutment n raising the detent e on its pivots 6 until theforward edge thereof is above the shoulders 01 and the studs h. As the lock is latched through the engagement of the bevel of the bolt (1 with the socket plate I), both it and the tongue 7c and its appurtenances, are forced inwardly against spring tensions, the shoulders d passing beneath the detent 6 before the cam face Z passes into'the clearance space rearwardly of the abutment 72 the plate h having no movement during this operation. As the door closes, the bolt (1 is forced outwardly from the casing a into the opening in the socket plate I), the tongue 6 being held against movement through contact with the face plate of said socket. Through this movement the shoulders 01 pass forwardly from beneath the detent e, the cam face Z remaining in the clearance space in said plate,

whereby the inner edge of said detent is forced downward with a slight rocking or pivotal movement, by its spring e until said inner edge is directly behind the shoulders (F. This is the position of the parts when the lock is latched. If a knife, strip of steel or other implement be inserted between the I lock casing and the socket plate, and ressure be exerted on the beveled side 0 the bolt, said bolt will recede only until the shoulders d engage the detent e which acts as a positive and definite stop to all further movement. By mounting said detent with the rear edge in close juxtapositionto the casing a, all strains on said detent may be transmitted to the lock casing, thus relieving the pivot in of such strains. While the lock, when atched, is thus perfectly dead, it may be released by a key, or knob, in the usual manner, the roll-back 9 being capable of engaging either stud h and reciprocating the plate it. As said plate it moves through the action of said lever, the bevels h of its studs simultaneously engage the under side of the forward edge of the detent e and by a timely elevation thereof permit the passage of the shoulders d thereunder with the continued movement of the bolt necessary'to draw same within the casing. As the releasing mechanism is freed, the bolt d and tongue 7c, it being assumed that the bolt is free of the socket plate I), are projected from the casing a synchronously, rendering the detent e inoperative and permitting the latching of the lock as above described.

The organization of the lock shown in the drawings and heretofore described, is such as to adapt the invention to a particular type of look. It is not my intention to limit the invention to the precise details of construction shown in the drawings, however, as the elements may be varied in their design and relative positions, without varying the functions and modes of operation thereof, and Without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. I

Having described the invention, what I claim as new and desire to have protected by Letters Patent is 2- 1. An automatic combined lock and latch comprising a casing, a spring pressed bolt therein, one or more shoulders or abutments on said bolt whereby it may be drawn within said casing, key or knob actuating means for said bolt, a detent adapted when said lock is latched to engage said bolt and prevent movement thereof, means inter osed between. said shoiilders and said rst men tioned means, and adapted to release said detent, a reciprocating member adapted to be projected from said casing with the bolt when said bolt is disengaged from the socket, and to engage the edge of the socket and be forced within said casing when the said bolt enters said socket, means actuated by said member whereby when said member is projected, said detent will be rendered inoperative, and when it engages said socket said detent will be set, and a bolt socket.

- 2. An automatic combined lock and latch comprising a casing, a spring pressed bolttherein, one or more shoulders or abutments on said bolt whereby it may be drawn within said casing, key or knob actuating means for said bolt, a detent adapted when the lock is latched to engage said bolt and prevent movement thereof a slidable plate having studs thereon each comprising a surface engaging one of said shoulders or abutments and a bevel adapted to engage and raise said detent, a reciprocating member adapted to be projected from said casing with the bolt when said bolt is disengaged from the socket, and to engage the edge of said socket and be forced within said casing when the bolt en- .ters said socket, means actuated by said member whereby when said member is projected said detent will be rendered inoperative, and when it engages said socket, sa'id detent will be set, and a bolt socket.

I 3. An automatic combined lock and latch comprising a casing, a spring pressed bolt therein, one or more shoulders or abutments on said bolt whereby it may be drawn within said casing, key or knob actuating means for said bolt, a detent adapted when the lock is latched to engage said bolt and prevent movement thereof a slidable plate mounted on the bottom of said casing and moving through a slot therein, having studs thereon each comprising a vsurface engaging one of said shoulders or abutments and a bevel adapted to engage and raise said detent, a reci rocating member adaptedto be project ed rom said casing with the bolt when said bolt is disengaged from the socket, and to engage the edge of said socket and beforced within said casing when the bolt enters said socket, means actuated by said member whereby when said member is projected, said detent will be rendered inoperative and when it engages said socket, said detent will be set, and a bolt socket.

4. An automatic combined lock and latch comprising a casing, a spring pressed bolt therein, one or more shoulders or abutments on said bolt whereby it may be drawn within said casing, key or knob actuating means for said bolt, a detent adapted when said bolt is latched to engage said shoulders or abutments and means interposed between said shoulders or abutments and said first mentioned means, and adapted to release said detent, a slidable cam plate, a spring pressed tongue projected beyond said casing and movable synchronously with and independently of said bolt, connections between said tongue and said cam plate whereby said detent is rendered inoperative when said tongue is projected from said casing, and a bolt socket.

5. An automatic combined lock and latch comprising a casing, a spring pressed bolt therein, one or more shoulders or abutments on said bolt whereby it may be drawn within said casing, key or knob actuating means for said bolt, a detent having a clearance space therein and an abutment forwardly thereof adapted when said bolt is latched to engage said shoulders or abutments and prevent movement of said bolt, means interposed be I tween said shoulders or abutments and said first mentioned means, and adapted to release said detent, a slidable cam plate, the inclined portion of which is adapted to engage the abutment on and pass to the clearance space in said detent, a spring pressed tongue projected beyond said casing and movable synchronously with and independently of said bolt, connections between said tongue and said cam plate whereby said detent is rendered inoperative when said tongue is projected from said casing, and a bolt socket.

.6. An automatic combined lock and latch comprising a casing, a spring pressed bolt therein, one or more shoulders or abutments on said bolt whereby it may be drawn within said casing, key or knob actuating means for said bolt, a detent having a clearance space therein and an abutment forwardly thereof adapted when said bolt is latched to engage said shoulders or abutments and prevent movement of said bolt, means interposed between said shoulders or abutments and said. first mentioned means, and adapted to release said detent, a tongue plate slidably mounted in said casing comprising a tongue seated in and projecting fromia channel in said bolt, laterally projected arms, a cam plate carried by one of said arms, a shoulder thereon, a rod carried by said shoulder and extending through a fixed stud in said casing,

prevent movement of said bolt,

and a spring interposed between said stud and said shoulder whereby said tongue is normally projected beyond said casing, said cam plate being projected under said detent, the inclined part thereof being adapted to engage the abutment onand enter the clearance in said detent, and a bolt socket.

7. An automatic combined lock and latch comprising a casing, a spring pressed bolt therein, one or more shoulders or abutments on said bolt whereby it may be drawn within said casing, key or knob actuating means for said bolt, a detent pivotally mounted in said casing with one edge thereof adjacent to said shoulders or abutments and the other edge in close juxtaposition to said casing, a spring whereby said detent is normally projected behind said shoulders or abutments whereby when said lock is latched said detent will prevent movement of said bolt, a slidable plate having studs thereon each comprising a surface engaging one of said shoulders or abutments and a bevel adapted to engage and raise said detent against the tension of its spring, a reciprocating member adapted to be projected from said casing with the bolt when said bolt is disengaged from the socket, and to engage the edge of said socket and be forced within said casing when the bolt enters said socket, means actuated by said member whereby when said member is projected said detent will be rendered inoperative, and when it engages said socket, said detent will be set, and a bolt socket.

8. An automatic combined lock and latch comprising a casing, a spring presssed bolt therein, one or more shoulders or abutments on'said bolt whereby it may be drawn within said casing, key or knob actuating means for said bolt, a detent having a clearance space therein and an abutment forwardly thereof, adapted when said bolt is latched to engage said shoulders or abutments and prevent movement of said bolt, a slidable plate having studs thereon each comprising a surface engaging one of said shoulders or abutments and a bevel adapted to engage and raise said detent, a slidable cam plate, the inclined portion of which is adapted to engage the abut.- ment on and pass to the clearance space in said detent, a spring pressed tongue projected beyond said casing and movable synchronously with and independently of said bolt, connections between said tongue and said cam plate whereby said detent is rendered inoperative when said tongue is projected from said casing, and a bolt socket.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto affixed my signature this 29th day of August, 1906, in the presenceof two witnesses.

FRANK S. ALIANO.

Witnesses:

GEORGE MoCAY, F. T. WENTWORTH. 

